Examples of BMDs include: AutoMark and Populex. For any BMD that does count, save, or use cryptography or other techniques to make it difficult to insert fraudulent ballots prepared on other devices (before, during or after actual voting), any discrepancy between records stored within a BMD and physical ballots produced would provide clear evidence of malfunction or fraud and initiate an investigation to determine the source of the discrepancy and the invalid ballots, whether electronic or physical. Still other BMDs count votes internally (as do DRE systems) and may save voter selection information. These requirements will ensure that each vote is properly tabulated as cast and that errors in the programming of the BMD’s code generator or the scanner tabulation system are detected. States that certify code-generating BMDs should also mandate that, if the ballot includes a QR or a bar code, it must also include a human-readable list of selections, and that only the human-readable portions of these ballots may be used during audits and recounts. If the ballot includes a QR code or a bar code, the scanner uses these marks to tabulate votes. For traditional paper ballots, the scanner uses the human-readable marks on the ballot to tabulate votes. For both, voters take the ballot and separately insert the ballot into a scanner. Other BMDs produce a paper ballot that simply includes a list of the voter’s choices and a QR code or a bar code, but is not printed in a traditional ballot format and does not include human readable markings. Some BMDs produce a paper ballot that uses a traditional paper ballot format. These systems are most often used in combination with the optical/digital scan systems discussed above. The result is a voter-verifiable ballot that may or may not be accessibly verified. Central count scanners, generally used for mail ballots, do not have this functionality as the voter is not present when the ballot is scanned for tabulation purposes.Įxamples include:, Dominion ImageCast Models Precinct, Evolution and Central ES&S Models 100, 150, 550, and 650 Sequoia-branded and ES&S-branded Optech III-P Eagle Sequoia Optech Insight and Optech 400C Premier/Diebold (Dominion) AccuVote-OS and OSX and Unisyn OVO.īallot Marking Device (“BMD”) systems produce a marked ballot (usually paper) that is the result of voter interaction with visual or audio prompts provided by a computerized interface. Precinct count scanners must provide voters notice of overvotes (where voters select too many candidates, thus spoiling the ballot for that contest) and should automatically return overvoted or otherwise erroneous ballots to the voter for correction. Once marked, ballots may be scanned on optical/digital scan systems in the polling place (known as “precinct count”) or collected in a ballot box or otherwise centrally aggregated, e.g., vote-by-mail ballots, to be scanned at a central location (known as “central count”). As completing-the-arrow ballot formats have had higher rates of residual votes, and substantially higher rates of overvotes, they should be avoided in favor of “complete-the-oval” ballot formats. These formats are considered traditional paper ballot formats. Generally, voters select the candidate of their choice on optical/digital scan paper ballots by filling in an oval (on ES&S, Dominion, Premier/Diebold and Unisyn ballots), completing an arrow (Sequoia ballots), or filling in a box (Hart Intercivic ballots). The scanners optically or digitally sense the markings on the inserted ballot and these marks are used for tabulation. Optical/Digital Scan Paper Ballot Systems require voters to mark paper ballots, which are subsequently tabulated by scanning devices (“scanners” or “scan systems”). Attend the Brennan Legacy Awards Dinner.Advance Constitutional Change Show / hide.National Task Force on Democracy Reform & the Rule of Law.Government Targeting of Minority Communities Show / hide.Campaign Finance in the Courts Show / hide.Gerrymandering & Fair Representation Show / hide.Ensure Every American Can Vote Show / hide.
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